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yes sapping a maple tree.

2007-02-09 16:12:13 by acer_junior

The Hamma Seawater Desalination Plant uses General Electric#39;s advanced ecomagination-certified reverse osmosis membranes to purify up to ...

Which is cheaper in term of energy cost? Seawater desalination or waste water treatment by RO?
And which one is more environmentally friendly?

Note:
With a reference plz
RO= is reverse osmosis

reverse osmosis is only used as a final stage in waste water treatment so its not a fair comparison. you would have to add in the pumping and agitating energy for the sewage works.

desalination by reverse osmosis takes up less room, but more energy than for the final stage 'polishing' of waste effluent. in fact it is most common to use brackish water where possible, to make the process easier and reduce time between back washes. also you have to add in the energy used to pump the brine back out to sea a good way, you cant just discharge it back into the estuary..

either are only as environmentally friendly as the energy source used.

Note:
With a reference plz
its your homework,
find your own
http://www.google.co.uk/search?hl=en& ;rlz=1B3GGGL_enGB215GB216&sa=X&o i=spell&resnum=0&ct=result&c d=1&q=Seawater+desalination+or+waste water+treatment+by+RO&spell=1

2008-05-11 14:14:22 by Meme S

A water desalination plant is set up near a salt marsh containing water thatis 0.10M NaCl. Calculate the minimum pressure that must be applied at 20*C to purify the water by reverse osmosis. Assume NaCl is completely dissociated.

Are you asking this as a quiz or do you not know? I have sold RO units in the past but I never knew th calculation for this application because we prescribed for water that had already been softened. We usually sugggested that people use a minmum of 42 psi for the entire system. If you know the calculation for this I would like to know it. If you are seeking this information for design purposes please let me know and I will send you the contact information for a company that is designing RO systems with an 80% efficiency rating.

2009-03-18 20:25:47 by JAKE MILLER

Would a global desalination initiative help reduce the threat of rising sea levels from global warming and increase the supply of fresh water for irrigation or human consumption?Renewable energy sources such as solar or wind power and chemical processes such as vaccuum distillation and reverse osmosis can be used make desalination an energy efficient and cost effective option. If all nations with coastlines set up large desalination plants and draw millions of cubic meters of water from the oceans every day, will we be able to thwart the catastrophic effects of global warming?

You raise a number of issues in the additional details that you added.

First: Desalination plants will not reduce sea levels because the water that is desalinated and used will eventually return to the sea.

Desalination is an excellent way to provide fresh water provided the source of the energy is low enough in cost.

With respect to energy sources: some that you mentioned are low cost, but some are also extremely high cost.

For example electricity generated by wind power has a cost of production of about 4 cents per kilowatt hour. The electricity generated by wind power can be used to provide the energy for reverse osmosis or vacuum distillation.

Unfortunately electricity generated by solar photovoltaic cells is very expensive because the capital cost of solar photovoltaic cells is very high. The cost to produce electricity by solar photovoltaic cells is over 40 cents per kilowat hour and is not cost effective for the purpose of desalinazitaion of water.

From a cost standpoint, It makes far more sense to use wind power rather than solar photovoltaic cells to produce the electricity for desalination of water.

With respect to Global Warming there is an enormous amount of hype in the popular media with respect to Global Warming.

Although the scientific literature does show that there is some Global Warming, the popular media has exaggerated the effects of Global Warming to a ridiculous extent.

Global Warming will not produce catastrophic effects. But it will produce some effects.

For example:

It is likely that Global Warming will reduce rainfall in some areas of the world.

Desalination of water will be very helpful to make up for the resuction in rainfall.

Also as our world population continues to grow at the rapid rate that it is growing there will be more demand for fresh water.

Desalination will be a very important tool to meet that increased demand.

.

2007-12-04 09:35:08 by KT

I'm curious - what is the average cost of a reverse osmosis cartridge used in a municipal water desalination plant? How long do they last?

Thank you.

try calling the epa or your local reservoir.

2009-03-03 08:45:27 by Timothy T